Uma ufuna uhlu nge imiyalo yokugcina ye-mac, uze esihlokweni esifanele. Kulesi sihloko sikukhombisa imiyalo ewusizo kakhulu yokugcina ye-Mac nsuku zonke ukwenza izenzo mathupha ngaphandle kokuthembela ku-interface yesithombe se-macOS.
Inkomba
Ungayivula kanjani iTheminali ku-Mac
Indlela eshesha kakhulu yokufinyelela ku-Terminal ku-Mac ukusebenzisa i- isinqamuleli sekhibhodi Umyalo + Ibha yesikhala, thayipha ukuphela bese uchofoza kumphumela wokuqala.
Izinqubo zetheminali
| ps-ax | Ibonisa izinqubo ezisebenzayo okwamanje. Umyalo othi “a” ubonisa izinqubo zabo bonke abasebenzisi kanye nomyalo othi “x” ubonisa izinqubo ezingaxhumene neTheminali. | |
| ps -aux | Bonisa zonke izinqubo nge-%cpu; %mem; ikhasi ngaphakathi kanye ne-PID | |
| top | Ibonisa ulwazi lwesikhathi sangempela mayelana nezinqubo ezisebenzayo | |
| phezulu -ocpu -s 5 | Ibonisa izinqubo ezihlungwe ngokusetshenziswa kwe-CPU nokubuyekeza njalo ngemizuzwana emi-5 | |
| phezulu -o rsize | Hlunga izinqubo ngokusebenzisa inkumbulo | |
| bulala i-PID | Phuma kunqubo nge-ID . I-PID izoboniswa njengekholomu kokuthi I-Activity Monitor | |
| ps izembe | grep | Thola inqubo ngegama noma nge-PID | |
Ukusesha Kwetheminali
| thola -igama <«»ifayela»»>» | Thola wonke amafayela anegama ngaphakathi . Singasebenzisa izinkanyezi (*) ukuze sifune izingxenye zamagama wefayela | |
| "grep" »» » | Thola wonke amameshi we ngaphakathi | |
| "grep -rl"" »» » | Thola wonke amafayela aqukethe ngaphakathi | |
Imiyalo Yetheminali Eyisisekelo
| / (Dlulisa phambili) | Izinga eliphezulu lwemibhalo | |
| . | Finyelela uhla lwemibhalo lwamanje | |
| .. | umkhombandlela ophezulu | |
| ~ | inkomba main | |
| sudo [command] | Qalisa umyalo ngamalungelo wokuphepha wabasebenzisi abakhulu | |
| nano [file] | Vula isihleli setheminali | |
| vula [ifayela] | Vula ifayela | |
| [umyalo] -h | Thola usizo ngomyalo | |
| indoda [command] | Ibonisa imanuwali yosizo yomyalo | |
Ukuphathwa Kwezimvume Zetheminali
| ls -ld | Bonisa imvume ezenzakalelayo yohlu lwemibhalo lomthombo | |
| ls -ld/ | Bonisa izimvume zokufunda; ukubhala nokufinyelela kwefolda enikeziwe | |
| chmod 755 | Shintsha imvume yefayela ibe ngu-755 | |
| i-chmod - ama-R600 | Shintsha imvume yefolda nakho konke elikuqukethe kube ngu-600 | |
| qhwa : | Shintsha ubunikazi befayela libe ngumsebenzisi neqembu Uma sengeza umyalo othi “-R” okuqukethwe kwefolda kuzofakwa | |
Ukuphatha amafayela nezinkomba kuTheminali
| du | Ukusebenzisa uhlu lwemibhalo engaphansi ngayinye nokuqukethwe kwalo | |
| du -sh [ifolda] | Okuphumayo okufundekayo kwawo wonke amafayela kuhla lwemibhalo | |
| wena -p | Bonisa okufakiwe okukodwa kwefayela ngalinye elishiwo | |
| du -sk* | hlunga -nr | Faka ohlwini amafayela namafolda (usayizi ofinyeza okuhlanganisa namafolda amancane). Singafaka u-sk* esikhundleni sika-sm* ukuze sibhale uhlu lwemibhalo ku-MB | |
| df -h | Ibonisa isikhala sediski samahhala sohlelo lwakho | |
| df -H | Bala isikhala sediski samahhala emandleni angu-1.000 (esikhundleni sika-1.024) | |
| mkdir | Dala ifolda entsha ebizwa ngokuthi | |
| mkdir -p / | Dala amafolda afakiwe | |
| mkdir | Dala amafolda amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa | |
| "mkdir" »»» | Dala ifolda ngesikhala egameni lefayela | |
| rmdir | Susa ifolda (isebenza kuphela ngamafolda angenalutho) | |
| rm -R | Susa ifolda nokuqukethwe kwayo | |
| ukuthinta | Dala ifayela elisha ngaphandle kwanoma yisiphi isandiso | |
| zip | Kopisha ifayela kufolda | |
| zip | Kopisha ifayela kufolda yamanje | |
| zip ~/ / | Kopisha ifayela kufolda bese uqamba kabusha ifayela elikopishiwe | |
| cp -R <«»ingoma entsha»»>» | Kopisha ifolda kufolda entsha enezikhala egameni lefayela | |
| cp ngi | Ikuxwayisa ngaphambi kokukopisha ifayela elinomlayezo oyisixwayiso wokubhala phezu kwawo | |
| zip /abasebenzisi/ | Kopisha amafayela amaningi kufolda | |
| ditto -V [indlela yefolda][ifolda entsha] | Kopisha okuqukethwe kwefolda kufolda entsha. Umyalo othi "-V" ubonisa umugqa wesimo wefayela ngalinye elikopishiwe. |
Finyelela futhi ususe amafayela namafolda nge-Terminal
| rm | Susa ifayela unomphela | |
|---|---|---|
| rm - ngi | Susa ifayela elicela ukuqinisekiswa | |
| rm -f | Phoqa ukususwa okungaqinisekisiwe kwefayela | |
| rm | Susa amafayela amaningi ngaphandle kokuqinisekisa | |
| mv | hambisa/qamba kabusha | |
| mv | Hambisa ifayela kufolda (ubhala phezu kwefayela elikhona elinegama elifanayo uma likhona) | |
| mv -i | Umyalo othi "-i" ubonisa isexwayiso sokuthi uzobhala phezu kwefayela okuyiwa kulo. | |
| mv *.png ~/ | Hambisa wonke amafayela e-PNG kufolda yamanje uwayise kufolda ehlukile | |
| cd | Isiqondisi sasekhaya | |
| I-CD [ifolda] | shintsha inkomba | |
| cd ~ | inkomba main | |
| cd / | impande yobunye | |
| cd- | Uhla lwemibhalo lwangaphambilini noma ifolda ogcine ukuya kuyo | |
| pwd | bonisa inkomba yokusebenza | |
| cd .. | Layisha kumkhombandlela womzali | |
| CD../.. | khuphuka amazinga amabili | |
| ls | Bonisa igama lamafayela nemibhalo engaphansi yohla lwemibhalo | |
| ls -C | Bonisa igama lamafayela neziqondiso ezingaphansi zohla lwemibhalo kumakholomu | |
| ls -a | Faka kuhlu konke okufakiwe (okuhlanganisa nalezo ezino.(ichashazi) kanye ..(ichashazi eliphindwe kabili)) | |
| ls-1 | Bonisa uhlu lwamafayela ngefomethi yokufaka okukodwa emgqeni ngamunye | |
| ls -F | Bonisa i/ (slash) ngokushesha ngemva kwendlela ngayinye ewuhlu lwemibhalo | |
| ls -S | Hlunga amafayela noma okufakiwe ngosayizi | |
| ls -l | Uhlu ngefomethi ende. Kufaka phakathi imodi yefayela; igama lomnikazi neqembu; idethi nesikhathi ifayela elashintshwa ngaso; igama lendlela; njll. | |
| ls -l / | Uhlu lwesistimu yefayela olusuka empandeni enama-symlink | |
| ls-k | Uhlu lwamafayela ahlungwe ngesikhathi sokulungiswa (okusha kakhulu kuqala) | |
| ls-lh | Ukufakwa kuhlu okude okunosayizi bamafayela afundekayo ku-KB; MB noma GB | |
| ls-lo | Uhlu lwamagama amafayela anosayizi; umnikazi namafulegi | |
| ls-la | Uhlu olunemininingwane yokuqukethwe kohla lwemibhalo (kuhlanganise namafayela afihliwe) | |
Izinqamuleli zekhibhodi Kutheminali
| Ithebhu | Qedela ngokuzenzakalela amagama wefayela namafolda | |
| Ctrl + A | Yiya ekuqaleni komugqa obhala kuwo | |
| I-Ctrl + E | Yiya ekugcineni komugqa obhala kuwo | |
| Ctrl + U | Susa umugqa ngaphambi kwekhesa | |
| Ctrl + K | Susa umugqa ngemva kwekhesa | |
| Ctrl + W | Susa igama ngaphambi kwekhesa | |
| Ctrl + T | Shintsha izinhlamvu ezimbili zokugcina ngaphambi kwekhesa | |
| Esc + T | Shintsha amagama amabili okugcina ngaphambi kwekhesa | |
| Ctrl + L | sula isikrini | |
| Ctrl + C | Misa noma yini esebenzayo | |
| Ctrl + D | Phuma kugobolondo lamanje | |
| Inketho + → | Hambisa ikhesa igama elilodwa phambili | |
| Inketho + ← | Hambisa ikhesa ngegama elilodwa emuva | |
| Ctrl + F | Hambisa ikhesa ngohlamvu olulodwa phambili | |
| Ctrl + B | Hambisa ikhesa emuva kohlamvu olulodwa | |
| I-Ctrl + Z | Beka okusebenzayo kunqubo engemuva emisiwe | |
| Ctrl+_ | Hlehlisa umyalo wokugcina | |
| Inketho + Shift + Cmd + C | kopisha umbhalo ongenalutho | |
| Shift + Cmd + V | namathisela okukhethiwe | |
| Phuma | Qeda iseshini yegobolondo | |
Imiyalo yenethiwekhi Kutheminali
| ping | Ping umsingathi futhi ubonise isimo sakhe | |
| ubani | Thola ulwazi lwe-whois lwesizinda | |
| curl -O | Landa ifayela nge-HTTP; I-HTTPS noma i-FTP | |
| ssh @ | Sungula uxhumano lwe-SSH ku nomsebenzisi | |
| scp @ :/ikude/indlela | Kopisha okwamanje kude | |
| i-arp -a | Ibonisa uhlu lwawo wonke amadivayisi kunethiwekhi yakho yendawo okuhlanganisa ne-IP nekheli le-MAC lawo wonke amadivayisi | |
| ifconfig en0 | Ibonisa i-IP nekheli le-MAC ledivayisi yakho | |
Umlando womyalo
| Ctrl + R | Sesha imiyalo esetshenziswe ngaphambilini | |
| umlando | Ibonisa imiyalo esiyibhale ngaphambilini | |
| ![inani] | Sebenzisa umyalo wokugcina osetshenzisiwe oqala ngevelu | |
| !! | Qalisa umyalo wokugcina osetshenzisiwe | |
Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula