Zvakawanda zvakanyorwa mumwedzi iyi nezve hupenyu hwake uye hunhu, hwakazara chiaroscuro, asi izvo hapana munhu anogona kuramba iko kurudziro yakananga iyo mifungo yake yakave nayo munzira iyo isu tese tinowirirana nhasi kune tekinoroji, mimhanzi kana mabhaisikopo Chii chausingatendi? Kuwedzeredzwa? edza kuverenga uye kusarudza.
1. Yekutanga Yemunhu Computer: Iyo Macintosh
Pakutanga kwa1979, Apple yakanga yakura ikava kambani yakasimba iri kugadzirira kuenda kuruzhinji. Iyo Apple II, shanduko yeiyo yekutanga komputa iyo Jobs naWozniak yavakavaka mugaraji, yaive yekubudirira kukuru kwekutengesa, uye kukosha kwekambani kwaizokurumidza kukwira kusvika pa $ 1.790 bhiriyoni. Nekudaro, pamuzinda weCupertino paive nezvikonzero zvekunetsekana. Iyo Apple III, iyo yekumisikidza kutsiva, yanga yave yakazara fiasco uye iyo nyowani Lisa chirongwa chakaita senge chakafanana zvakanyanya.
Steve Jobs akatanga kukura asingashiviriri. Aida kugadzira "chisina musoro chando" uye yechimurenga chigadzirwa chaizotora manapukeni kubva mumakomputa indasitiri (makomputa ezuva racho aisakwanisa kuratidza mitsara yekodhi pane phosphor green screen uye yaigoneswa nemirairo yakaoma). Ndipo paakaisa meso kuPalo Alto Research Center, yekambani yeXerox. Iyo ramangwana rezera redhijitari sekuziva kwedu nhasi (graphical mushandisi interface, bitmap skrini, desktop ine windows, mbeva…) yakanga ichitora chimiro murabhoritari yemazano uye Mabasa akazviona. Mune izvo zvave kutorwa senge hombe maindasitiri heist munhoroondo, akarova chibvumirano nevatungamiriri veXerox kuti amuregedze atarise zvaiitika imomo mukutsinhana neApple stock.
Paakapinda muzvivakwa muna Zvita 1979 aine vamwe vaakashanda navo, izvo zvaakaona mukati zvakamusiya akashamisika. Izvo ndizvo chaizvo zvaakange achitsvaga. Makore mana gare gare, iyo Macintosh yakaunzwa munzanga, yekutanga komputa yemunhu chaiye. 1984 haizombove 1984 zvakare.
Yekutanga Yemunhu Computer: Iyo Macintosh
2. Dhizaini, dhizaini, dhizaini
Mabasa akanzwisiswa kubva pakutanga kuti kunyatso dhizaina munyika yeatekinoroji asina hanya nezve chimiro chekupedzisira chezvigadzirwa zvavo zvaizopa kambani hunhu hwakasiyana. Kuvhunduka kwevanjiniya vake, akasimbirira kuti kunyangwe zvikamu zvechigadzirwa izvo zvisingaonekwe, senge mamaboard eMacintosh, zvinofanira kunge zvakanaka. "Mugadziri wemakurukota haashandise huni dzakaipa kuseri kwechiratidziro." Kufarira kwake kwakapfuura kungogadzira zvinhu zvinokwezva maziso. “Vazhinji vanoita chikanganiso chekufunga kuti dhizaini ndizvo zvinoita chimwe chinhu. Dhizaini mashandiro anoita chimwe chinhu, "akadaro.
Mabasa ndiye wekutanga kunzwisisa kuti tekinoroji inofanirwa kuve nyore kunzwisisa, inonzwisisika uye yakanaka, uye yatove mubhurocha raApple raive nemutsara uyo wakava mantra yekambani iyi: "Simplicity ndiyo inonyanya kuomesa." Steve akashandisa uzivi uhu kune zvese zvese, zvisinei kuti zvidiki sei, kubva pakuiswa kwezvigadzirwa kusvika pakuvakwa kwezvitoro. Uku kupenga kwaive kurwadziwa chaiko nevashandi vake (sezuva iro, mushure memavhiki mashoma kuvhurwa kweiyo iPhone, akafunga kugadzirisa nyaya yake). Dzimwe nguva, yaisvika paroxysm yezvisina musoro. Iye waakabatana naye uye mugadziri weApple, Jonathan Ive, paakapa chikumbiro chake chekuvhara iyo iPhone 4 netambo nhete yesimbi, Jobs aifarira kwazvo nezve zano zvekuti akafuratira mainjiniya akamunyevera kuti achapa matambudziko ekuvhara. Iwe unoziva: "Isu hatina kukwana, uye kana nhare."
Dhizaini, dhizaini, dhizaini
3. Dhijitari mifananidzo
Mukupera kwa1985, Jobs akabviswa kubva kuhutungamiriri hweApple uye kubva kune chero chinzvimbo chepamusoro mukambani neBhodi revatungamiriri. Saka akazviwana ave kunze kwemigwagwa, aine yakawanda yemahara nguva uye $ 100 mamirioni muhomwe yake. Akavhura komputa yake huru, NEXT, asi chirongwa ichi chaive chakundikana kusiririsa. Panguva iyoyo, George Lucas, akaremerwa nekurambana kwake, aida kubvisa chikamu chedhijitari chaLucasfilm. Mabasa akaitenga kubva kwaari kwemamirioni mashanu emadhora nechinangwa chekugadzira Hardware nesoftware. Asi akakurumidza kuona kukanganisa kwake: hupfumi chaihwo hweiyo kambani diki inonzi Pstrong raive risiri iro basa revanjineri varo, asi tarenda reboka rayo revagadziri, rinotungamirwa naJohn Lasseter. Pstrong akasvika pachibvumirano naDisney uye, munaNovember 1995, Toy Story yakaburitswa. Iyi firimu yakawedzera mamirioni mazana matatu nemakumi maviri nemaviri emadhora.
Toy Story
4. Kubva iPod kuenda iTunes
Steve Jobs paakadzokera kuApple muna1997, kambani yakarovera uye musika wemakomputa wega waineta. Mabasa akashanda nesimba - nerubatsiro rwaJony Ive - kuvandudza rese rake rese remakomputa, nezvigadzirwa zvinoyevedza seMac. Asi akaziva kuti ese akanaka michina yaisazove neramangwana kana ikasava nzvimbo nyowani yakatenderedza iyo vese vatengi vezvivaraidzo zvemadhijitari. Saka pakazvarwa zvirongwa senge iMovie, iPhoto, iDVD uye, pakupedzisira, iTunes.
Kurota kwaJobs, zvakadaro, kwakapfuurira mberi: kwaive kugadzira nzvimbo yakavharika maanogona kudzora 100% yeiyo ruzivo rwevashandisi. Saka akagadzira yake yega inoridza mimhanzi, iyo iPod, chishandiso chakaita kuti mugadziri wemakomputa ive inonyanya kukosha tekinoroji kambani papasi. Kubudirira kwePod kwakarara mune yayo yakanaka dhizaini, kugona kwayo - kwakaringana chiuru nziyo - uye yakapusa mushandisi interface (yemabasa akaomarara paitova neTunes).
Kuvhara denderedzwa, Mabasa akarova madhiri nemakambani makuru ekurekodha ndokutanga chitoro chake chemimhanzi, Chitoro cheTunes, icho chero mushandisi aigona kurodha nziyo dze $ 0,99. Zvinonzi mukuru weWindows budiriro, achizviona, akanyora email kune vana vake vari pasi pake nemutongo mumwe chete: "Takabviswa."
Kubva iPod kuenda iTunes
5. Iyo iPhone
Muna 2005, iyo iPod yakaita 45% yemari yaApple. Mabasa ainetseka kuti izvo zvekutengesa zvinogona kudonha kana vagadziri vemafoni vaisanganisira vatambi vemimhanzi muchigadzirwa, sezvavakamboita nemadhijitari kamera. Saka, mushure mekuedza kusabudirira kuyanana neMotorola, mhedziso yake yaive pachena: "Tinofanira kuzviita isu pachedu." Iyo yekubata skrini, sekuiziva kwedu, yanga isiri yekutanga sarudzo. Kupesana, yekutanga prototype yakamhanya pane yakasarudzika iPod vhiri. Ndipo Jonathan Ive paakasvika nezano raizochinja mafoni zvachose. Chikwata chake chaive chakagadzira chishandiso chakabata-bata cheMacBook Pro trackpad iyo yaigona kukwana piritsi (ramangwana iPad), kunyangwe paive pasina aive nechokwadi chekuti raizoshandira foni. Mabasa aifara nekuishandisa, uye mushure memwedzi mitanhatu achishanda pazviratidzo zviviri pasi pemakodhi mazita P1 neP2, akadana shamwari dzake dzepedyo kuti vatore danho. Achinongedzera ku touch screen, akati, "Tese tinoziva iyi ndiyo vhezheni yatinoda kugadzira, saka ngatiitei kuti ishande." Kupeta curl, iyo Jobs-Ive duo yakafunga kuzviita negirazi. Paive nekambani imwe chete yaikwanisa kuvaka girazi rakasimba seyakada iyo iPhone, Gorilla Girazi, asi yakanga isati yambogadzirwa yakawanda. Steve, achishandisa chiratidzo chake chechokwadi chekukanganisa nzira, akavavimbisa kuti vaizove nayo mumwedzi mitanhatu. Ainyatsotaura chokwadi. Mushure mekumhanyisa nguva, iyo iPhone yakavhurwa pamusangano weMacWorld muna 2007 muSan Francisco. "Nhasi ticharatidza zvigadzirwa zvechimurenga zvitatu," Mabasa akatanga. "IPodhi yakasvibira ine batai rekubata, runhare rwechimurenga uye chinotevera chizvarwa chekutaurirana internet." Uye, mushure mekumbomira zvinoshamisa, akabvunza, 'Unonzwisisa here? Ivo havasi matatu akazvimiririra michina, ivo ndeimwe mudziyo uye isu tichaidaidza kuti iPhone ». Mukukosha, iyo iPhone yaive iine inenge isina nyowani maficha, asi yaive yakanakisa, yakachinjika uye nyore kushandisa foni yakamboonekwa. Chinhu chechishuwo. Vazhinji vakafanotaura kuti mutengo waro wemadhora mazana mashanu waizovhiringidza kubudirira kwayo (kusanganisira Bill Gates). Mumakore matatu, mamirioni makumi matatu emayuniti anga atotengeswa.
Iphone
6. APPs
Imwe yeakanyanya kunaka eiyo iPhone yaive yekuti - nekuda kwayo mushandisi interface, ine simba Mac OS X uye yayo yakakura memory memory - iyo yaibvumidza kurodha madiki madiki uye varaidzo, ruzivo kana basa rekushandisa kuti uzviwedzere kune avo vatove varipo pafoni. . Apple yakavabhabhatidza maApp.
Sezvo zvainge zvaita nebhizimusi remimhanzi, kambani yekuCalifornia yakasarudza kutengesa izvi zvinoshandiswa zvakananga kumushandisi, zvakagadzirwa nezviuru zvevagadziri kutenderera pasirese, zvobva zvapa chikamu chemazana pakati pevakaumba.
Mune muenzaniso weSteve Jobs 'obsession nehutongi, akaisa pakati kugovera kwake kuburikidza nechitoro chakazvigadzirira ega muTunes muna Chikunguru 2008, iyo App Store. Neiyi nzira, inogona kuvimbisa huwandu hwehunhu hweApplication, ita shuwa kuti yega yega ichishandisa kugona kuzere kweiyo software yeApple uye, pazvinenge zvakakodzera, kugadzirisa avo vane zvemukati zvinosemesa (kusanganisira zvese izvo zvaisanganisira zvinonyadzisa) .
Iyo iPad inongowedzera huwandu hwekutengesa exponentially. Pakati-pagore ra2011, pakanga paine makumi mana nemazana mana ezviuru mashandisirwo muTunes Store yezvinhu zvese zviri zviviri (nhasi vanodarika hafu yemiriyoni) uye pakange pave nekutora mamirioni gumi nemana. Iyo App Store yakagadzira indasitiri inobudirira kunze kwemweya mutete. Zviuru zvevanamuzvinabhizimusi kutenderera pasirese vakagadzirira kugadzira mafomu avo, mafemu emakambani emabhizimusi akagadzira mari yekudyara yakatsaurirwa kutsigira mazano matsva, uye vaparidzi vemagazini nemabhuku vakatambira hunyanzvi uhu hutsva semakambani akarekodha aive aita nechitoro makore apfuura.kubva kuTunes. Wedzera uende ...
APP Chitoro
7. Iyo iPad
Kufambira mberi kwekomputa yechinyakare nemamwe madivayiri efoni kwakaita kuti Steve Jobs afunge nezvekugadzira bhuku rebhuku kutanga kwa2003. Jonathan Ive, zvisinei, akamugonesa kuti atange chishandiso chakareruka chaigona kushandiswa neruoko rumwe uye chakabatanidza keyboard kuita hombe yakawanda-inobata skrini. Iyo purojekiti yakamiswa kuti iise pekutanga kune iyo iPhone, asi pakupera kwa2007 pfungwa iyi yakadzokazve uye timu yese yeApple yakatanga kushanda pahwendefa rinoshanda risina pointer. Pakavhurwa muna Ndira 2010, iyo buzz hombe iyo gadget nyowani yainge yagadzira yakashanduka ikaita wave yekusagadzikana.
Iyo iPad, pakupedzisira, yakagadzirirwa seyakavharwa sisitimu iyo yaisatombo bvumidza mushandisi kubatanidza tsvimbo ye USB. Kusiyana neMacintosh, yaive yakawanda yekuverenga zvemukati pane muchina unosevenza zvekugadzira. Uye zvakare, nekuda kwekupokana kwekare pakati peMabasa neAdobe, haana kuverenga Flash.
Vamwe vatapi venhau vane hunyanzvi vakatotaura nezve iPhone yakadumbuka ine steroid. Zvakadaro, Apple yakatengesa miriyoni iPads mumwedzi wayo wekutanga wekushambadzira. Hwendefa risingaenzaniswi kubudirira kwakaita kuti ive nyowani indasitiri mwero uye nekuisa kambani yeCalifornia, zvakare, pamberi pemakwikwi ayo ese. Bharrage yeMapurogiramu matsva akagadzirirwa iyo iPad, kusanganisira mavhezheni makuru emapepanhau, magazini nemabhuku, ndizvo zvakasara. Mwedzi mipfumbamwe gare gare, kutengesa kwakatosvika kumamirioni gumi nemashanu. King Midas akange azvibata futi uye vashoropodzi vake vakamanikidzwa zvekare kuti vapfuure hoop.
